In America, drinking alcohol serves as a rite of passage for young people as they explore the forbidden fruits of adulthood. Despite widespread abuse among teenagers and on college campuses, most people acknowledge this period as a temporary phase, and…

Mitochondria are critical organelles located within your body’s cells that use oxygen to convert food to energy. They play essential roles in metabolism, energy production, intracellular signaling and apoptosis (normal cell death). Other functions of mitochondria include: Detoxification of ammonia…

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder for which there is no known cure. Once considered to be a disease of advanced old age, today the condition is affecting much younger patients, often in their late middle age.  Parkinson’s…

Fibromyalgia (FM), also referred to as Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), is a complex and debilitating condition for which there is no known cure. FM affects between 2-4 percent of the population, and is most commonly seen in women. The specific…

Good health relies on numerous biological processes that govern human metabolism. Most of us take our health for granted, as long as we feel good and have sufficient energy to perform everyday activities. But as we age, we often experience…

For many of us, the daily stresses of work and family life are difficult to manage, and we often turn to drugs and alcohol to help us cope, wind down and sleep. But while that strategy may work for a…

Chronic abuse of alcohol and other addictive substances can take a huge toll on your body, your mind, and ultimately your quality of life. For centuries, addiction has been treated as a moral issue, making it difficult for people caught…

Vitamin IV therapy has been growing in popularity in NYC, and you may have noticed many advertisements for lounges, clinics and in-home services. But not all IV drip treatments are created equal. Safety, hygiene and quality can all vary, ranging…

Unless you are a complete teetotaler, you have probably experienced at least mild hangover symptoms after a night of drinking. Hangover symptoms can range from mild to brutal, to “somebody shoot me and put me out of my misery!” The…

Opioids and alcohol act on receptor sites in your brain to create their psychotropic effects. Over time, chronic use of drugs and alcohol has a degenerative effect on your brain and body, interfering with healthy metabolic processes while causing dependency….